___________________ is a difference between an observed event and a standard or norm. Without this standard, or, best practice, measurement of variation offers little beyond a description of the observations.
Answer : A
Measurement of variation in health care and its application to quality improvement must begin with the identification and articulation of (Choose two):
Answer : BC
__________________ arises from a single or small set of causes that are not part of event or process and therefore can be traced, identified and implemented or eliminated. In general, researchers are interested in this variation because they can link-or-assign variation to a single specific cause and act accordingly.
Answer : B
He used his understanding of statistics to design tools to respond to variation. Following his arrival at Western Electric Co. in 1924, Shewhart introduced the concepts of common cause, special cause variation and statistical control. He designed these concepts to assist Bell Telephone of repairs within its transmission systems.
Who is he?
Answer : C
In the 1970s, Deming developed his 14 points for western Management in response to requests from U.S. managers for the secret to the radical improvement that
Japanese companies were achieving in a number of industries. As part of his "system of profound knowledge," Deming promoted that "around 15% of poor quality was because of workers, and the rest of 85% was due to bad management, improper systems and processes." The "system" is based on parts.
Which of the following is/are NOT out of those parts?
Answer : D
Joseph Juran defined quality as consisting of two different but related concepts. The first form of quality is income oriented and includes features of the product that meet customer needs and thereby produce income (i.e., higher quality costs more).
The second form of quality is cost oriented and emphasizes:
Answer : D
Juran Trilogy includes all the following sub-points under the major heading of quality planning
EXCEPT:
Answer : C
Overproduction -
Inventory -
Repairs/rejects -
Motion -
Processing -
Waiting -
Transport -
These are the types of _____________ identified by Taiichi Ohno.
Answer : A
TQC is excellence driven rather than defect driven-a system that integrates:
Answer : A
Crossbys quality improvement process is based on the Absolutes of Quality Management.
Which of the following is/are out of those absolutes?
Answer : D
Quality improvement approaches are derivatives and models of the ideas and theories developed by thought leaders and include all of the following EXCEPT:
Answer : B
The following diagram shows:
Answer : B
The Baldrige criteria were originally developed and applied to business; however, in 1997, healthcare-specific criteria were created to help healthcare organizations address challenges such as focusing on core competencies, introducing new technologies, reducing costs, communicating and sharing information electronically new alliance with healthcare providers, and maintaining market advantage. The Baldrige healthcare criteria are built on the set of interrelated core values and concepts.
Which of the following is NOT out of those values and concepts?
Answer : A
Baldrige’s scoring system is based on a __________point scale. Each of seven criteria is assigned maximum value ranging from 85 to 450 maximum points.
Answer : B
The weight of scoring system is based on an emphasis Baldrige places on ___________ and an organizations ability to demonstrate performance and improvement in the following areas:
✑ Product and service outcomes
✑ Customer-focused outcomes
✑ Financial and market outcomes
✑ Workforce-focused outcomes
✑ Process effectiveness outcomes
✑ Leadership outcomes
Answer : A
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